What is Fraction ? Like Fraction , Unlike Fraction, Perfect Fraction , Imperfect Fraction and Mixed Fraction.
What are Fractions?
A fraction represents a numerical value, which defines the parts of a whole.
A fraction is a number that represents a part of a whole.
Generally, the fraction can be a portion of any quantity out of the whole thing and the whole can be any specific thing or value.
The basics of fractions explain the top and bottom numbers of a fraction. The top number represents the number of selected or shaded parts of a whole whereas the bottom number represents the total number of parts.
Suppose a number has to be divided into four parts, then it is represented as x/4. So the fraction here, x/4, defines 1/4th of the number x. Hence, 1/4 is the fraction here. It means one in four equal parts. It can be read as one-fourth or 1/4. This is known as fraction.
It is in the form of p/q
Here , the upper part (p) is called Numerator and lower part(q) denotes Denominator.
Types of Fractions
Based on the properties of numerator and denominator, fractions are subdivided into different types. They are:
Proper fractions
Improper fractions
Mixed fractions
Like fractions
Unlike fractions
Equivalent fractions
Unit Fraction
# Proper Fraction
A fraction in which numerator is less than denominator (i.e., N<D)
For Example : ¾ , ⅘ , ⅓ , etc.
# Improper Fraction
A fraction in which numerator is greater than denominator(N>D)
For example, 3/2 , 9/7 etc
# Mixed Fraction
It is a combination of the integer part and a proper fraction.
# Like Fractions
Like fractions are those fractions, as the name suggests, that are alike or same, meaning their denominator is same.
For example, take 1/4 and 3/4 ; they are alike since if you simplify it mathematically, you will get the same fraction.
Note : ½ and 2/4 are not like fractions even if 2/4 become ½ by simplication .
# Unlike Fractions
Unlike fractions, are those that are dissimilar i.e. denominators not the same.
For example,1/3 and 1/2 are unlike fractions.
# Equivalent Fractions
If after simplification either of two fractions is equal to the other one.
For example, 12 and 24 are equivalent fractions.
Since, 2/4 = (2)/(2×2) = 1/2
# Unit Fractions
A fraction is known as a unit fraction when the numerator is equal to 1.
For Example : , 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 and so on .
Addition( or substraction) of Like Fraction
For adding Like fractions we only have to add the numerator values, the denominator will be the same .
For Example;
Same rule will follow for subtraction too.
Addition( or substraction) of Unlike Fraction
As denominators are different , first we have to take LCM of their denominator to make the denominator the same. Once the denominator becomes the same then we add or subtract it like Like Fractions steps.
For Example ;
Add the following fraction ;
1/2 + 2/3
Step 1 : First we have to make the denominator the same by taking LCM of 2 and 3 which is 6.
Step 2 : Then we have to divide the LCM with the first fraction’s denominator and multiply it with first fraction numerator + divide the LCM with the second fraction’s denominator and multiply it with second fraction numerator the whole divided by LCM itself ; ie ,
(3*1 + 2*2) /6 = 7/6 is the required answer .
Cross multiplication method
( let us say a/b + c/d )
In this method we have to multiply the first term numerator to second term denominator / first denominator multiply second denominator + multiply the second term numerator to first term denominator / second denominator multiply first denominator. ( bd = db ; which makes the denominator same , addition like fraction )
means ;
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